You can work legally and permanently in the U.S. if you get a Green Card or "Green Card". Many of them are granted by reason of employment. However, the process of obtaining can be slow.
For there to be an alien employment-based permanent residence must show that there is a shortage of U.S. citizens who can fill the position. The process to check this shortage is getting a labor certification with the Department of Employment.
Of course you get a "Green Card" is significantly more advantageous than a temporary visa. First because they will not have to leave the country at the expiration of a specified period, will have the same rights as nationals and their family members also are granted permanent residence, with all the associated benefits.
However, as is uphill to get permanent residency, good advice is to try to first obtain a temporary work visa and once established in the country, try to seek permanent residency, with the support of the company for which you are working.
The class of permanent visas are known as "green cards," although its official name is Alien Registration Card or "Alien Registration Receipt Cards". Years ago, these cards were green and there were the colloquial name. Currently are pink.
The "Green Cards" are given only to those who become permanent citizens and granted the right to live and work for the rest of their lives in America. Carrier will be required to live permanently in the country (no matter how many then travel out of it), otherwise the card and privileges will be revoked.
There is a small limit of the amount of "green card" that are given annually. Depending on the category for which you are choosing, the waiting period and may significantly delay approval, months or even years, because of the restricted share versus the huge number of requests.
Although there are many ways to obtain a "Green Card", they all have the same inalienable rights to its bearer. These cards are granted registration for various reasons, mainly to relatives of other residents, professionals in areas of high demand in the U.S. labor market, investors, refugees or simply by random lottery.
• Residence based on Employment
You can opt for permanent residency based on employment. However, there are limited fees that vary each year and finished relatively quickly.
To request a "Green Card" for employment should have a formal job offer from an individual or company in the United States. You must possess the academic and experience for the job you have been offered, and in most cases, the employer must demonstrate that there are Americans who can fill the position.
People with skills or academic skills or extraordinary, no need to have a job. However, these cases are very limited as it must have public recognition in the area of science, arts, management, education or sport, a renowned professor or researcher, or an accredited executive or manager of a multinational company.
The U.S. government has established the following table of preference in the granting of permanent residence based on job opportunities:
First preference: Priority workers who have extraordinary ability in the arts, sciences, education, business or athletics. Teachers or researchers and managers or executives of multinational companies.
Second Preference: Professionals with advanced degrees or exceptional ability.
Third Preference: Professionals or workers with skills or without.
Fourth Preference: Religious workers and other categories of workers, and individuals.
Fifth preference: Individuals who are willing to make an investment of U.S. $ 1 million in a U.S. business, or $ 500,000 in an area of economic recession.
• Through family
While most green cards are allocated quotas, there is no limit on the amount of "green cards" that can be granted to family members of citizens. Applies to:
spouses of U.S. citizens, including widows and widowers,
under 21 years with at least one parent who is a citizen,
parents of U.S. citizens, from children over 21 years,
politicians and parents-children, if the parents' marriage took place before the 18th birthday of the children,
parents and children together through a process of adoption, if the legal act took place before the child's 16th birthday.
The government has established the following table of preference in the granting of permanent residence through family:
First preference. Single people, of any age, at least one parent is a citizen.
Second Preference: Spouses of holders of "green cards" and unmarried children under 25 years. This preference also covers unmarried children (over 21 years) of holders of "green cards".
Third Preference: Married people (of any age) at least one parent is a citizen.
Fourth Preference: Brothers and sisters of citizens over 21 years.
• For Adoption
There is a limited quota and considerable waiting time for those seeking permanent residency through an adoption process. Many people mistakenly think that immigrants can obtain a "Green Card" if adopted by an American. This is practically impossible, since age is required to be under 16. Residence cards under this category are for the use of citizens and permanent residents who genuinely wish to adopt a foreign child.
• For courtship and marriage
Are well known advantages granted the request a "Green Card" through marriage to a U.S. citizen. Therefore, many applications are made under this category, which has no quota limit. However, there must be a genuine intention to perform the marriage ceremony and only in the married status can apply for permanent residence.
If marriage is to be performed in the United States, the fiance (e) will apply for a K-1 temporary visa to travel to the country to marry, in a span of less than 90 days of arrival. Your children under 21 can enter as companions with a K-2. However, if the marriage does not take place in the period, the visa will be invalid and will be forced to leave the country.
It's no secret that many people who can not get permanent residency through other categories, resort to "fix" a marriage to a citizen of the country, for convenience. The law states that "Green Cards" must not be granted to marriages performed solely on the basis of obtaining residence.
The statistics that handle immigration authorities show that more than half of the cases of applications for residency by marriage are fraudulent. This act is considered a criminal offense and is punishable by years in prison, deportation and a lifetime ban to opt for a "Green Card". The U.S. citizen may also be punishable by imprisonment for taking part in the deception.
That is why the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services United States is so strict with these requests, investigates newlywed couples who choose one residence for foreign spouses and require a minimum of two years of marital cohabitation before granting a "Green Card" definitive.
• Residence by ethnic diversity (Lottery)
You can live and work legally in the U.S. if the call is favored by American Visa Lottery, which awards a number of visas to persons from countries with the lowest rates of immigration to the United States. The purpose of this program is to ensure ethnic diversity of those who migrate to this country, through a random selection process.
The number of participants is huge and is increasing every year, making it more difficult possibilities. Moreover, as it depends on luck, there is no guarantee that one day out favored.
The only advantage is that it is not required to have any special skill or competence in the academic or professional, to qualify.
Details on this program in section Visa Lottery .
• Residence for Investors
This category to get the "Green Card" has become very popular in recent years. They are very famous cases of American entrepreneurs who have sold their properties in the country and have raised their own businesses in the United States. The disadvantage is that it requires a significant investment dollars, which is difficult to achieve for most.
10,000 are granted green cards a year for investors, reserving 3 000 of them for investments in rural or high unemployment. Those interested must be willing to invest a minimum of U.S. $ 1 million to create a company or business, or expanding an existing one. It also requires that the investor employed, full time, at least 10 U.S. workers.
If the investor decides to locate in economically depressed region, you will require an investment of only U.S. $ 500 000.
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